To optimize land use structure in Zhejiang province, this paper uses carbon footprint model to estimate the carbon footprint level from 2007 to 2016 and applies decoupling and standard ellipse variance to study the carbon emission effect of land use in Zhejiang province. The results show a growth rate of 4.06% in net carbon emission in Zhejiang province from 2007 to 2016, most from construction land use. Gap between carbon source and carbon sink is enlarging, making low carbon development difficult. Ningbo city ranks the top in net carbon emission, and Lishui city, which is the only city of carbon sink more than carbon source, is at the bottom. The gap of carbon emission in northeast and southwest Zhejiang province is increasing. The GDP per capita in Zhejiang province is of weak decoupling with carbon footprint per capita, with economic development faster than carbon emission rising rate. Lishui is the best and Zhoushan is poor in decoupling. The spatial distribution of net carbon emission and construction land carbon emission is concentrated in northeast Zhejiang province. The farmland carbon emission is sparsely distributed with the center in the southwest.